Contents

The Navigation Panel to the left of the page functions as a live interactive Table of Contents for the manual chapters and associated sections. A full outline of the manual chapters and sections, as well as separate lists of all figures and all tables within the manual, are provided below.

Outline

1Introduction

  1.1TUFLOW Products

    1.1.1TUFLOW Classic – 2D Semi-Implicit Solver

    1.1.2TUFLOW HPC – 2D GPU Accelerated Solver

    1.1.3TUFLOW 1D (ESTRY) – 1D Solver

    1.1.4EPA SWMM – 1D Solver

    1.1.5Add-on Modules

      1.1.5.1Advection Dispersion (AD) Module

      1.1.5.2TUFLOW CATCH Module

      1.1.5.3GPU Hardware (GPU) Module

      1.1.5.4Quadtree or Multiple 2D Domain (M2D) Module

  1.2TUFLOW Webinars

  1.3Modelling Environment

  1.4Limitations and Recommendations

2Getting Started

  2.1How to Build Your First Model

    2.1.1Tutorial Models

    2.1.2Example Models

    2.1.3Demonstration Models

    2.1.4Licence Free Demo Mode

    2.1.5eLearning Modules

    2.1.6Instructor Led TUFLOW Training Courses

  2.2The TUFLOW Modelling Concept

    2.2.1Notepad++

    2.2.2QGIS / TUFLOW Viewer

  2.3Installing and Running TUFLOW

    2.3.1TUFLOW Downloads and Installation

    2.3.2TUFLOW Licencing

      2.3.2.13rd Party Software Libraries

    2.3.3Performing Simulations

  2.4Folders, File Types and File Naming

    2.4.1Folder Structure

    2.4.2File Types

    2.4.3Naming Conventions

  2.5Tips and Tricks

3Hydraulic Modelling Fundamentals

  3.1Schematisation

    3.1.1General Guidance

    3.1.2Model Dimensions: 1D, 2D or 3D?

      3.1.2.1One Dimensional (1D)

      3.1.2.2Two Dimensional (2D)

      3.1.2.3Three Dimensional (3D)

    3.1.3Coupled 1D-2D

    3.1.4Quadtree Grid

  3.2Model Resolution (Discretisation)

    3.2.11D Networks

    3.2.22D Cell Sizes

    3.2.3Sub-Grid Sampling (SGS)

      3.2.3.1Benefits of SGS

    3.2.4Cell Size Results Convergence

  3.3Solution Accuracy

    3.3.1Fluid Flow Physical Terms

      3.3.1.11D Continuity Equation

      3.3.1.21D Momentum Equation

      3.3.1.32D Continuity Equation

      3.3.1.42D Momentum Equation

    3.3.2Forms of the Equations

      3.3.2.1Diffusive Wave Equation

      3.3.2.2Kinematic Wave Equation

    3.3.3Numerical Accuracy

  3.4Timestep

    3.4.1Fixed versus Adaptive Timestepping

    3.4.2TUFLOW 1D (ESTRY) and EPA SWMM

    3.4.3TUFLOW Classic 2D

    3.4.4TUFLOW HPC 2D

      3.4.4.1Timestep Efficiency Output

  3.5Simulation Times

4Control Files and Input Layers

  4.1Control Files

    4.1.1Rules and Notation

    4.1.2File Paths

    4.1.3Units

    4.1.4Mathematical Operations

    4.1.5TCF - TUFLOW Control File

    4.1.6ECF - ESTRY Control File

    4.1.7TBC - TUFLOW Boundary Control File

    4.1.8TGC - TUFLOW Geometry Control File

    4.1.9QCF - Quadtree Control File

    4.1.10TEF - TUFLOW Event File

    4.1.11TOC - TUFLOW Operations Control File

    4.1.12TRFC - TUFLOW Rainfall Control File

    4.1.13TESF - TUFLOW External Stress File

    4.1.14ADCF - Advection Dispersion Control File

    4.1.15TSCF - TUFLOW SWMM Control File

    4.1.16Read File

    4.1.17Override Files

  4.2Databases

  4.3Input Layers

    4.3.1Input Formats

    4.3.2GIS Commands

      4.3.2.1GIS Attribute Interpretation

      4.3.2.2GIS Object Interpretation

    4.3.3GeoPackage Commands

      4.3.3.1GPKG Input Commands

      4.3.3.2GPKG Output Commands

    4.3.4Grid Commands

    4.3.5TIN Commands

    4.3.6RowCol Commands (Legacy)

  4.4Layering Data

  4.5XF Files

51D Network Domains - ESTRY

  5.1Schematisation

  5.2Solution Scheme

  5.31d_nwk Attributes

  5.4Channels Overview

  5.5Open Channels

    5.5.1Inertial Channels

    5.5.2Non-Inertial Channels

  5.6Cross-Sections

    5.6.1Type “XZ” Optional Flags

      5.6.1.1Relative Resistance

        5.6.1.1.1Relative Resistance Factor (R)

        5.6.1.1.2Material Values (M)

        5.6.1.1.3Manning’s n Values (N)

        5.6.1.1.4Position Flag (P)

    5.6.2Type “HW” Optional Flags

      5.6.2.1Flow Area (A)

      5.6.2.2Wetted Perimeter (P)

      5.6.2.3Manning’s n Values (N)

      5.6.2.4Manning’s n Values (F)

    5.6.3Parallel Channel Analysis

    5.6.4Effective Area versus Total Area

    5.6.5Mid Cross-Sections

    5.6.6End Cross-Sections

    5.6.7Interpolated Cross-Section Protocols

  5.7Structures

    5.7.1Culverts and Pipes

      5.7.1.1Blockage Matrix

        5.7.1.1.1Reduced Area Method

        5.7.1.1.2Energy Loss Method

        5.7.1.1.3Blockage Matrix Commands

        5.7.1.1.4Implementation

      5.7.1.2Limitations

    5.7.2Bridges

      5.7.2.1Bridges Overview

      5.7.2.2Bridge Cross-Section and Loss Tables

      5.7.2.3B Bridge Losses Approach

      5.7.2.4BB Bridge Losses Approach

    5.7.3Arch Bridge

      5.7.3.1Arch Bridge Editor

      5.7.3.2Arch Minimum Blockage

    5.7.4Weirs

      5.7.4.1Weirs Overview

      5.7.4.2Original Weirs (W)

      5.7.4.3Advanced Weirs (WB, WC, WD, WO, WR, WT, WV, WW)

        5.7.4.3.1Ogee Crest Weir (WO)

        5.7.4.3.2V-Notch Weir (WV)

      5.7.4.4Advanced Weir Submergence Curves

      5.7.4.5Automatically Created Weirs

      5.7.4.6VW Channels (Variable Geometry Weir)

    5.7.5Spillways (SP)

    5.7.6Sluice Gates (SG)

    5.7.7Adjustment of Contraction and Expansion Losses

  5.8Special Channels

    5.8.1M Channels (User Defined Flow Matrix)

    5.8.2Q Channels (Upstream Depth-Discharge Relationship)

    5.8.3X Connectors

    5.8.4Legacy Channels

    5.8.51d_nwk Attributes (M, P, Q, SG, SP Channels)

  5.9Operational Channels

    5.9.1.toc File Commands and Logic

      5.9.1.1Define Control Command

      5.9.1.2User Defined Variables

      5.9.1.3Logic Rules

      5.9.1.4Incremental Operators

    5.9.2Pumps (P and PO)

    5.9.3QO Channels

    5.9.4Gated Drowned Rectangular Culverts (RO)

    5.9.5Sluice Gates (SG and SGO)

    5.9.6Spillways with Gates (SPO)

    5.9.7Weirs (WBO, WCO, WDO, WOO, WRO, WTO)

    5.9.8Piping and Dam Failure

      5.9.8.1Piping Failure (PF)

      5.9.8.2Dam Failure (DF)

  5.10Pipe Networks

    5.10.1Pipes

    5.10.2Pits

      5.10.2.11d_nwk Pits

      5.10.2.21d_pit Pits

      5.10.2.3Connecting Pits and Nodes to 2D Domains

    5.10.3Pit Inlet and Depth/Stage vs Discharge Databases

      5.10.3.1Road Crossfall Options

    5.10.4Manholes

      5.10.4.1Automatically Assigned Manholes

      5.10.4.2Manually Assigned Manholes (1d_mh Layer)

      5.10.4.3Digitising Culverts Connected to Manholes

      5.10.4.4Engelund Manhole Loss Approach

      5.10.4.5Fixed Manhole Loss Approach

      5.10.4.6Discussion on Approaches to Modelling Pipe Junction Losses

  5.11Virtual Pipes

  5.12Nodes

    5.12.1Automatically Defined Nodes

      5.12.1.1Storage Calculated Automatically from Channel Widths

      5.12.1.2Additional Storage Added from Len_or_ANA Attribute

    5.12.2Manually Defined Nodes

      5.12.2.1Storage Nodes (User Defined NA Tables)

      5.12.2.2Using Nodes to Define Channel Inverts

      5.12.2.3Automatically Connecting Nodes to 2D domains

    5.12.3Storage Above Top of Channels

61D Network Domains - EPA SWMM

  6.1Introduction

    6.1.1TUFLOW-SWMM Capabilities

    6.1.2Additional SWMM User Resources

  6.2Model Setup

    6.2.1SWMM Model

    6.2.2TUFLOW-SWMM Model Simulation

    6.2.3Linking SWMM to TUFLOW 2D and ESTRY

    6.2.4SWMM Simulation Option Settings

    6.2.5Using the TUFLOW BC Database in SWMM

  6.3SWMM GIS Tools

    6.3.1GeoPackage File Format

      6.3.1.1GeoPackage File Table Overview

      6.3.1.2GeoPackage Options Table

  6.4SWMM Outputs

  6.5SWMM Inclusion in TUFLOW

    6.5.1SWMM Library Version

    6.5.2Embedded SWMM Code in TUFLOW

72D Domains

  7.1Solvers

    7.1.1TUFLOW HPC 2D Solver

    7.1.2TUFLOW Classic 2D Solver

    7.1.3Cell Schematisation

      7.1.3.1Computational Points

        7.1.3.1.1ZC Point

        7.1.3.1.2ZU and ZV Points

        7.1.3.1.3ZH Point

    7.1.4Turbulence

      7.1.4.1Dry Wall Treatment

  7.2Common Functionality

    7.2.1Defining the Domain

    7.2.2Active / Inactive Cells

    7.2.3Data Layering

    7.2.4Sampling of Data Sets

      7.2.4.1Traditional Sampling Approach

    7.2.5Cell Selection Approach

      7.2.5.1Cross-Hair Approach

      7.2.5.2Spider Web Approach

    7.2.6Elevations

      7.2.6.1Direct Reading of DEM Grids

      7.2.6.2Z Shape Layers (2d_zsh)

        7.2.6.2.1Order of Processing

        7.2.6.2.2Examples

      7.2.6.3Variable Z Shape Layer (2d_vzsh)

      7.2.6.43D TIN Layers (2d_ztin)

      7.2.6.53D Breakline Layers (2d_zln)

      7.2.6.6Zpt Layers (2d_zpt)

      7.2.6.7Using Multiple Layers and Points Layers

        7.2.6.7.1Point Only Layers

    7.2.7Land Use (Materials)

      7.2.7.1Bed Resistance

      7.2.7.2Log Law Depth Varying Bed Resistance

      7.2.7.3Materials File

        7.2.7.3.1.csv Format

        7.2.7.3.2.tmf Format

      7.2.7.4Rainfall Losses

    7.2.8Infiltration

      7.2.8.1Infiltration Layer

        7.2.8.1.1Green-Ampt (GA)

        7.2.8.1.2Horton (HO)

        7.2.8.1.3Initial Loss/Continuing Loss (ILCL)

      7.2.8.2Soils File (.tsoilf)

    7.2.9Hydraulic Structures

      7.2.9.1Introduction

      7.2.9.22D Bridge Structures (2d_bg)

        7.2.9.2.1Automatic Generation of Superstructure FLC

      7.2.9.3Layered Flow Constrictions (2d_lfcsh)

    7.2.10Cell Modification

      7.2.10.1Storage Reduction (2d_srf)

      7.2.10.2Cell Width Factor (2d_cwf)

      7.2.10.3Form Loss Coefficient (2d_flc)

      7.2.10.4Modify Conveyance

    7.2.11Modelling Urban Areas

      7.2.11.1Buildings

      7.2.11.2Roads

      7.2.11.3Fences and Walls

  7.3TUFLOW HPC Specific

    7.3.1Quadtree

      7.3.1.1Quadtree .tcf Commands

      7.3.1.2Quadtree Control File (.qcf) – Mandatory Commands

      7.3.1.3Quadtree Control File (.qcf) – Optional Commands

      7.3.1.4Defining Grid Refinement Polygons

    7.3.2HPC Turbulence

      7.3.2.1Overview

      7.3.2.2Constant Eddy Viscosity

      7.3.2.3Smagorinsky Approach

      7.3.2.4Wu Approach

    7.3.3Sub-Grid Sampling (SGS)

      7.3.3.1SGS Methodology and Commands

        7.3.3.1.1SGS Sample Distance

        7.3.3.1.2SGS Topographic Updates

        7.3.3.1.3Advanced SGS Commands

      7.3.3.2SGS Output Options

        7.3.3.2.1Check Files

        7.3.3.2.2Map Outputs

        7.3.3.2.3High-Resolution Outputs

    7.3.42D Upstream Controlled Flow (Weirs and Supercritical Flow)

    7.3.5Infiltration and Groundwater Flow

      7.3.5.1Infiltration

        7.3.5.1.1SCS Curve Number (SCS)

      7.3.5.2Groundwater Flow

        7.3.5.2.1Horizontal Advection

        7.3.5.2.2Convective Flow Layers (CO)

        7.3.5.2.3Unsaturated Groundwater Flow

        7.3.5.2.4Implementation

        7.3.5.2.5Soil Type

        7.3.5.2.6Soil Thickness

        7.3.5.2.7Drying of Top Groundwater Layer

      7.3.5.3HPC Soils File (.tsoilf)

    7.3.6Non-Newtonian Flow

      7.3.6.1Implementation

      7.3.6.2Non-Newtonian Mixing

    7.3.7Unsupported Features in TUFLOW HPC

  7.4TUFLOW Classic Specific

    7.4.1Classic Turbulence

      7.4.1.1Constant

      7.4.1.2Smagorinsky

    7.4.22D Upstream Controlled Flow (Weirs and Supercritical Flow)

    7.4.3Land Use (Materials)

    7.4.4Multiple 2D Domain

    7.4.5Coriolis Term

    7.4.6Legacy Structures

      7.4.6.12D Flow Constrictions (2d_fcsh and 2d_fc)

      7.4.6.2Applying Form (Energy) Loss in 2d_fc and 2d_fcsh Layers

    7.4.7Unsupported Features in TUFLOW Classic

8Boundaries and Initial Conditions

  8.1Recommended BC Arrangements

  8.2Solver Specific Considerations

    8.2.1Classic Specific Boundaries / Options

    8.2.2HPC Specific Boundaries / Options

      8.2.2.1HPC Energy Options for 2D HT, HQ and QT Boundaries

      8.2.2.2HPC HQ Boundary Approach

      8.2.2.3HPC HQ Boundary Stability

      8.2.2.4HPC Additional Boundary Options

      8.2.2.5Quadtree BC Parallel Inertia Approach

  8.31D Boundaries (1d_bc Layers)

  8.42D Boundaries (2d_bc, 2d_sa and 2d_rf Layers)

    8.4.1Boundary Conditions (2d_bc)

      8.4.1.1Sloping Water Level Boundaries

      8.4.1.2Groundwater Boundaries

    8.4.2Source Area Boundaries

      8.4.2.1Source Area Options (2d_sa)

        8.4.2.1.1Streamlines

      8.4.2.2Rainfall Option (2d_sa_rf)

      8.4.2.3Trigger Option (2d_sa_tr)

      8.4.2.4Flow Feature (2d_sa_po)

      8.4.2.5Overlapping 2d_sa regions

    8.4.3Rainfall Boundaries

      8.4.3.1Rainfall Overview

      8.4.3.2Considerations for Rainfall Modelling

      8.4.3.3Global Rainfall

      8.4.3.4Rainfall Polygons (2d_rf)

      8.4.3.5Gridded Rainfall

      8.4.3.6Rainfall Control File (.trfc file)

  8.5Boundary Condition (BC) Database

    8.5.1BC Database Example

    8.5.2TUFLOW Boundary Generators

    8.5.3Delft FEWS Boundaries

    8.5.4HEC-DSS Boundaries

  8.6Cyclones / Hurricanes / Typhoons

  8.7External Stress Boundaries

  8.8Initial Conditions

    8.8.1Initial Water Levels (IWL)

      8.8.1.11D Domains

      8.8.1.22D Domains

      8.8.1.3Automatic Initial Water Level

    8.8.2Initial Groundwater Levels

    8.8.3Restart Files

9Advection Dispersion

  9.12D Domains

    9.1.12D Depth Averaged Equation of Motion

    9.1.2Solution Method (TUFLOW Classic)

    9.1.3Solution Method (TUFLOW HPC)

    9.1.4Local Constituent Transformation

    9.1.5Groundwater

    9.1.6Limitations

  9.21D Domains

    9.2.11D Cross-Sectional Averaged Equation of Motion

    9.2.21D Solution Method (ESTRY)

    9.2.3Limitations

  9.3The Modelling Process

    9.3.1Data Input Requirements

    9.3.2Calibration and Sensitivity

    9.3.3Model Resolution

    9.3.4Computational Timestep

    9.3.5Example AD Models

  9.4Data Input

    9.4.1Simulation Control File

      9.4.1.1TUFLOW AD Control File (.adcf File)

      9.4.1.2GIS Input File Types and Naming Conventions

    9.4.21D Geometries

    9.4.3Specification of Constituent Properties

    9.4.4Boundary Conditions

      9.4.4.1Boundary Condition (BC) Database

      9.4.4.2BC Database Example

    9.4.5Initial Conditions

    9.4.6Groundwater Initial Conditions

    9.4.7Minimum Dispersion Coefficient

  9.5Data Output

    9.5.1TUFLOW AD Log Files

      9.5.1.1Simulation Log File

      9.5.1.2CFL Log File

      9.5.1.3Mass Log File

    9.5.2Check Files

    9.5.3Result Files

10Combining Domains and Solvers

  10.1Introduction

  10.21D and 2D Domain Linking Theory

    10.2.1HX 2D Head Boundary

    10.2.2SX 2D Flow Boundaries

      10.2.2.1SX 2D Flow Boundary to Surface Water

      10.2.2.2SX 2D Flow Boundary to Groundwater

  10.3TUFLOW 1D (ESTRY) to TUFLOW 2D Linking

    10.3.11D Open Channel and 2D Domain Linking

    10.3.21D Structures Embedded within 2D Domains

    10.3.31D Pipe Network Pits linked to 2D Domains

    10.3.4Virtual Pits linked to 2D Domains

    10.3.5TUFLOW 1D (ESTRY) linked to Groundwater

  10.4SWMM to TUFLOW Linking

    10.4.11D Culvert Connections to 2D Domains

    10.4.21D Pipe Network Connections to 2D Domains

    10.4.3Groundwater Connections to 2D Domains

    10.4.4SWMM to TUFLOW 1D (ESTRY) Linking

  10.5Flood Modeller to TUFLOW Linking

    10.5.1Flood Modeller 1D to TUFLOW 2D Linking

    10.5.2Flood Modeller 1D to TUFLOW 1D (ESTRY) Linking

  10.612D-DDA to TUFLOW Linking

  10.7Multiple 2D Domains

    10.7.1Classic’s M2D Feature versus HPC Quadtree

    10.7.2TUFLOW Classic’s Multiple 2D Domains

11Outputs

  11.1Output Location

  11.2Map Outputs

    11.2.1Output Time Controls

    11.2.2Map Output Formats

      11.2.2.1Mesh Based Formats

        11.2.2.1.1Mesh Configurations

      11.2.2.2Grid Based Formats

      11.2.2.3High-Resolution Grids

        11.2.2.3.1Advanced High-Resolution Commands

      11.2.2.4Combined Format

      11.2.2.5GIS Based Format

    11.2.3Map Output Data Types

      11.2.3.1Hazard Data Types

    11.2.41D Map Outputs

      11.2.4.1Water Level Lines

      11.2.4.2Water Level Line Points

      11.2.4.3Adding Triangles into the 1d_WLL Layer

    11.2.5Output Zones

    11.2.6Gauge Level Output

  11.3Time-Series Outputs

    11.3.11D Time-Series Output

    11.3.22D Time-Series Output

      11.3.2.1Plot Output

      11.3.2.2Long Profile Output

    11.3.3Reporting Locations

    11.3.4Structure Output

  11.4Specialised Outputs

    11.4.1Receptors

    11.4.2Evacuation Routes

  11.5Check and Log Files

  11.6Output Control Commands

12Hardware and Operating System

  12.1Operating Systems

  12.2TUFLOW Classic

  12.3TUFLOW HPC (Including Quadtree)

    12.3.1TUFLOW HPC Solver on CPU

    12.3.2TUFLOW HPC Solver on GPU

    12.3.3Types of GPU

    12.3.4Utilising Multiple GPUs for One Model

    12.3.5Running Multiple Models on a Single GPU

    12.3.6Differences in results between CPU and GPU

    12.3.7RAM

  12.4Proxies for CPU and GPU performance

  12.5Virtualisation

  12.6Cloud Compute

  12.7Commands

13Managing and Starting Simulations

  13.1File Naming

  13.2Simulation Management

    13.2.1Events

    13.2.2Scenarios

    13.2.3Variables

  13.3TUFLOW Executable Download

    13.3.1Overview and Where to Install

    13.3.2Single and Double Precision

      13.3.2.1TUFLOW Classic

      13.3.2.2TUFLOW HPC

    13.3.3Customising TUFLOW using TUFLOW_USER_DEFINED.dll

  13.4Running Simulations

    13.4.1Dongle Types and Setup

      13.4.1.1Protocols for Accessing Dongles

      13.4.1.2TUFLOW_Licence_Settings.lcf File

      13.4.1.3Dongle Failure during a Simulation

    13.4.2Starting a Simulation

      13.4.2.1Batch File Example and Run Options (Switches)

      13.4.2.2Copy/Package Model from Batch Files

      13.4.2.3Advanced Batch Files

    13.4.3Running TUFLOW HPC

      13.4.3.1TUFLOW HPC and GPU Module Commands

      13.4.3.2Compatible Graphics Cards

      13.4.3.3Updating NVIDIA Drivers

      13.4.3.4NVLink – Multi-GPU Performance (HPC Only)

      13.4.3.5Troubleshooting

    13.4.4Running TUFLOW 1D Only Simulations

  13.5Using TUFLOW with Flood Modeller, SWMM, XP-SWMM, 12D or from SMS

    13.5.1Using TUFLOW with EPA SWMM

    13.5.2Using TUFLOW with Flood Modeller

    13.5.3Using TUFLOW with 12D

    13.5.4Using TUFLOW with XP-SWMM

    13.5.5Using TUFLOW with SMS

  13.6Optimising Startup and Run Times

    13.6.1Improved pre-processing of 1D Model Inputs

    13.6.2Parallel Processing for SGS initialisation

    13.6.3Optimising Multi-GPU Performance (HPC Only)

    13.6.4Auto Terminate (Simulation End) Options

  13.7Reproducibility of Results

    13.7.1TUFLOW Classic (CPU only)

    13.7.2TUFLOW HPC (incl. Quadtree) on CPU

    13.7.3TUFLOW HPC (incl. Quadtree) on GPU

    13.7.4TUFLOW HPC (incl. Quadtree) on multiple GPUs / CPU threads

14Checks and Log Files

  14.1Console Window Display

    14.1.1TUFLOW Classic

    14.1.2TUFLOW HPC

    14.1.3The Console Window Does Not Appear

    14.1.4Unexpected Simulation Pause (Console Window Quick Edit Mode)

    14.1.5Stopping the Console Window

    14.1.6Customisation of Console Window

    14.1.7TUFLOW Windows ERROR LEVEL Reporting

  14.2Message Boxes

  14.3Simulations .log

    14.3.1Local .log File

    14.3.2Global .log File

  14.4Simulation Log Files

    14.4.1TLF

      14.4.1.1HPC TLF and DT

    14.4.2TSF

    14.4.3Start Stats

    14.4.4Run Stats

    14.4.5Messages

    14.4.6GIS Workspaces

  14.51D Output File

  14.6Check Files

  14.7Mass Balance Output

    14.7.1Mass Balance Definitions

    14.7.2TUFLOW 1D Mass Balance

    14.7.3TUFLOW Classic Mass Balance

    14.7.4TUFLOW HPC Mass Balance

15Viewing Outputs

  15.1Folder Structure

  15.21D Output

    15.2.1TUFLOW Plot Control file (TPC)

    15.2.2Maximum and Minimum Output

    15.2.3ccA GIS Layer

    15.2.4_TS GIS Layer

    15.2.51D Water Level Lines (WLL)

  15.32D Output

    15.3.1Mesh Output

    15.3.2Raster Output

    15.3.3Plot Output

  15.4Post Processing

  15.5Impact Mapping

  15.6Animations

16Quality Control and Troubleshooting

  16.1Model Health

    16.1.1TUFLOW Classic

      16.1.1.1Timestep

    16.1.2TUFLOW HPC

      16.1.2.1Timestep

    16.1.3Healthy Model Indicators

  16.2Troubleshooting

    16.2.1General Comments

    16.2.2Instability Identification

      16.2.2.11D (ESTRY) Domains

      16.2.2.2TUFLOW Classic

      16.2.2.3TUFLOW HPC

      16.2.2.41D/2D Links

      16.2.2.5Other General Troubleshooting Recommendations

    16.2.3File Access

      16.2.3.1XF File Access

      16.2.3.2XMDF File Access

      16.2.3.3GPKG File Access

  16.3QA Check List and Simulation Logging

  16.4Models Exceeding Hardware RAM

    16.4.1Computer RAM

    16.4.2TUFLOW Version

    16.4.3Model Design

    16.4.4Memory Usage Reporting

    16.4.5Temporary Memory Usage

    16.4.6TUFLOW HPC GPU Module and RAM requirements

  16.5Past Release Version Backward Compatibility

17Utilities

  17.1GIS Based Utilities

    17.1.1QGIS TUFLOW Plugin

    17.1.2ArcGIS Pro Toolbar

    17.1.3ArcMap Toolbox

    17.1.4MiTools

  17.2Console Utilities

    17.2.1Pre and Post Processing

    17.2.2Convert to TUFLOW

    17.2.3Textfile Syntax Highlighting

    17.2.4PyTUFLOW

    17.2.5Excel Macros

18Default Changes

  18.12025.0 Release

  18.22023-03 Release

  18.32020-10 Release

  18.42020-01 Release

  18.52018-03 Release

  18.62017-09 Release

  18.72016-03 Release

  18.82013-12 Release

  18.92012-05 Release

  18.102011-09 Release

  18.112010-10 Release

  18.122009-07 Release

  18.132008-08 Release

  18.142007-07 Release

  18.152006-06 Release

  18.16Pre 2006-06 Release

Appendix

  ATCF Commands

  BECF Commands

  CTGC Commands

  DTBC Commands

  ETOC Commands

  FTRFC Commands

  GTESF Commands

  HQCF Commands

  ITSCF Commands

  JADCF Commands

  KTEF Commands

  LSWMM GeoPackage Format

    L.1SWMM GeoPackage Layer List

    L.2SWMM GeoPackage Layer Descriptions

      L.2.1Inflows

      L.2.2Curves

      L.2.3Timeseries

      L.2.4Aquifers

      L.2.5Groundwater

      L.2.6GWF

      L.2.7Adjustments

      L.2.8Evaporation

      L.2.9Hydrographs

      L.2.10Patterns

      L.2.11Raingages

      L.2.12RDII

      L.2.13Snowpacks

      L.2.14Temperature

      L.2.15Inlet Usage

      L.2.16Inlets

      L.2.17LID Controls

      L.2.18LID Usage

      L.2.19Conduits

      L.2.20Controls

      L.2.21Orifices

      L.2.22Outlets

      L.2.23Pumps

      L.2.24Streets

      L.2.25Transects

      L.2.26Transects Coordinates

      L.2.27Weirs

      L.2.28Dividers

      L.2.29DWF

      L.2.30Junctions

      L.2.31Outfalls

      L.2.32Storage

      L.2.33Files

      L.2.34Options

      L.2.35Report

      L.2.36Title

      L.2.37Subcatchments

      L.2.38Buildup

      L.2.39Coverages

      L.2.40Landuses

      L.2.41Loadings

      L.2.42Pollutants

      L.2.43Treatment

      L.2.44Washoff

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 TUFLOW Quadtree Structure

Figure 2.1 TUFLOW Modelling Concept

Figure 2.2 NotePad++ TUFLOW Syntax Highlighting

Figure 2.3 QGIS with TUFLOW Viewer

Figure 3.1 1D Pipe Network and Embankment Culvert Linked to 2D

Figure 3.2 1D Open Channel Linked to 2D

Figure 3.3 TUFLOW HPC Quadtree Grid (3 Level Refinement)

Figure 3.4 20m grid size shown against the 1m DTM

Figure 3.5 2D Topography Sampling Concept and DEM Interpretation (Traditional vs SGS)

Figure 3.6 Model Convergence with and without SGS

Figure 3.7 Longitudinal Profile without SGS

Figure 3.8 Longitudinal Profile with SGS

Figure 3.9 Cell Size Convergence Concept Example

Figure 3.10 Example of zeroth order interpolation

Figure 3.11 Example of first order interpolation

Figure 3.12 Example of second order interpolation

Figure 3.13 TUFLOW HPC 1D/2D Timestep Synchronisation

Figure 4.1 Example of a Simple TCF

Figure 4.2 Example of a Simple ECF

Figure 4.3 Example of a Simple TGC

Figure 4.4 Reduction of Control Files using Event Management

Figure 5.1 1D Channels, Structures and Nodes

Figure 5.2 ‘All Parallel’ Conveyance Calculation Method

Figure 5.3 ‘Change in Resistance’ Conveyance Calculation Method

Figure 5.4 1D Inlet Control Culvert Flow Regimes

Figure 5.5 1D Outlet Control Culvert Flow Regimes

Figure 5.6 Arch Bridge Editor Tool

Figure 5.7 Bradley Weir Submergence Curve (Bradley, 1978)

Figure 5.8 Ogee Spillway Discharge Coefficient, based on Figure 9-23 (USBR, 1987)

Figure 5.9 Adjustment of Discharge Coefficient based on \(H_{e}\)/\(H_{0}\), Figure 9-24 (USBR, 1987)

Figure 5.10 Weir Submergence Curves from the Literature

Figure 5.11 Weir Submergence Curves using Villemonte Equation

Figure 5.12 Schematisation of 1D Piping Failure

Figure 5.13 Schematisation of 1D Dam Failure

Figure 5.14 Example of Pit Inlet Database

Figure 5.15 Road Crossfall Option

Figure 5.16 Flow Expansion/Contraction at a Manhole

Figure 5.17 Change in Flow Direction at a Manhole

Figure 5.18 Change in Inlet/Outlet Height at a Manhole

Figure 5.19 Engelund Energy Loss Approach at Manholes

Figure 5.20 Virtual Pipe Lag Methods

Figure 5.21 Nodal Storage in Open Channel & Pipe Networks

Figure 7.1 TUFLOW HPC 2D SWE Finite Volume Scheme Approach

Figure 7.2 Location of Zpts and Computation Points

Figure 7.3 Effect of Enhanced Dry Boundary Viscosity Term Treatment

Figure 7.4 Redundant Perimeter Sections Reported in the TLF

Figure 7.5 Visual Representation of Data Layering in TUFLOW

Figure 7.6 2D Cell Topography - Traditional Approach

Figure 7.7 Cell Cross-Hair Selection Approach

Figure 7.8 Cell Spider Web Selection Approach

Figure 7.9 Example of 2d_zsh polygon with Zpt modification

Figure 7.10 Example of 2d_zsh GULLY, thin and thick line Zpt modification

Figure 7.11 Example of 2d_zsh wide line Zpt modification

Figure 7.12 Example of Log Law Variation of Manning’s n with Depth

Figure 7.13 Example of Log Law versus Constant Manning’s n with Depth

Figure 7.14 Example of Materials .csv File Format

Figure 7.15 Example of the Grass.csv file read into the Materials.csv

Figure 7.16 Example of the Trees.csv file read into the Materials.csv

Figure 7.17 Green-Ampt Model Concept1

Figure 7.18 Example of Horton Infiltration Rate over Time

Figure 7.19 Example Soils .tsoilf File Format

Figure 7.20 Flow patterns using 2D FC cells (i.e. a fully 2D solution)

Figure 7.21 Flow patterns using a 1D element connected to 2D SX links

Figure 7.22 Flow patterns using a 1D element connected to 2D HX links

Figure 7.23 2D BG Shape Attributes and Vertical Distribution of Form Loss Coefficient

Figure 7.24 Depth Averaged FLC Applied Using Four Adjustment Approaches

Figure 7.25 CFD benchmarking study of FLC vs \(D_{Pier}\)/\(T_{SuperS}\) ratio (\(h_{B}\)/\(T\) in the original paper)

Figure 7.26 TUFLOW HPC Quadtree Grid

Figure 7.27 Example of Quadtree Nesting Level Polygons

Figure 7.28 Examples of Automatic Quadtree Refinement

Figure 7.29 Example Showing Removal of Inactive Cells

Figure 7.30 Traditional (non-SGS) Approach

Figure 7.31 SGS Approach

Figure 7.32 SGS Breakline Detection Delta Output

Figure 7.33 Diagram of SGS Z Shape Line Approach Options

Figure 7.34 Diagram of SGS SX Z Flag Approach Options

Figure 7.35 Diagram of SGS Sheet Flow Approach Options

Figure 7.36 SCS Infiltration for Curve Number 50, Ia = 0.2

Figure 7.37 Illustration of groundwater flow movement

Figure 7.38 Illustration of soil layers and flows in adjoining cells

Figure 7.39 Non-Newtonian Shear Stress and Velocity Profile

Figure 7.40 Setting FC Parameters for a Bridge Structure

Figure 7.41 Setting FCSH Parameters for a Bridge Structure

Figure 8.1 Sloping Water Level Boundaries

Figure 8.2 Example Rainfall Database

Figure 8.3 Example Depth Total Grid

Figure 8.4 Simple BC Database Example (bc_dbase.csv)

Figure 8.5 Example BC Database Source Files (heads.csv)

Figure 8.6 Example BC Database Source Files (flows.csv)

Figure 8.7 Example DSS File

Figure 8.8 Time-series Curve Example

Figure 9.1 1D Channel Advection

Figure 10.1 1D/2D Linking Configurations

Figure 10.2 HX Connection: Nested 1D Open Channel – Plan View

Figure 10.3 HX Connection: Example of Momentum Preservation across HX Lines

Figure 10.4 HX Connection: Nested 1D Open Channel – Section View

Figure 10.5 HX Connection: External 1D Network Boundary Connection

Figure 10.6 SX Connection Options

Figure 10.7 SX Connection: Pipe Network – Plan View

Figure 10.8 SX Connection: Pipe Network -Section View

Figure 10.9 SX 2D Flow Boundary to Groundwater: ESTRY and SWMM

Figure 10.10 Groundwater Linking to 1D - ESTRY

Figure 10.11 SWMM 1D Connection: Culvert

Figure 10.12 SWMM 1D Connection: Pipe Network

Figure 10.13 Groundwater linking to 1D - SWMM

Figure 10.14 SWMM 1D / TUFLOW 1D Connection

Figure 10.15 Compatibility of Recent Flood Modeller and TUFLOW versions

Figure 10.16 Schematic of a Multiple Domain Model linked via a 1D Domain

Figure 10.17 Schematic of a Multiple 2D Domain Model using the 2d_bc “2D” Link

Figure 10.18 Multiple 2D Domain Model “2D” Link Check Files

Figure 11.1 Regular Grid Depth Output (Left) and HR Grid Depth Output (Right)

Figure 11.2 Example Hazard File for User Defined Hazard

Figure 11.3 Adding Triangles into 1d_WLL Layer to Infill Areas

Figure 11.4 Interpretation of PO Objects and Map Output

Figure 11.5 Example of the QGIS TUFLOW Plugin for a Reporting Location

Figure 11.6 Example Use of Gauge Data Output Layer

Figure 13.1 TUFLOW Engine Files

Figure 13.2 Accessing NVIDIA Control Panel from the Desktop

Figure 13.3 NVIDIA GPU Model

Figure 13.4 Check the Website for your NVIDIA Card

Figure 13.5 NVIDIA System Information

Figure 13.6 Accessing Driver Updates from the NVIDIA Control Panel

Figure 13.7 Flood Modeller Settings

Figure 13.8 12D 2D Quick Setting

Figure 13.9 12D TUFLOW Project Editor

Figure 13.10 SMS Settings

Figure 14.1 Example TUFLOW Classic Console Display Window

Figure 14.2 Example TUFLOW HPC Console Display Windows

Figure 14.3 Filter by Code Number

Figure 15.1 Maximum and Minimum Water Level and Flow Output

Figure 15.2 Example of the ccA GIS Layer Highlighting Culvert Performance

Figure 15.3 Example of the _TS Layer Flow Output

Figure 15.4 Example of the _TS Layer Stability Styling

Figure 15.5 Impact Mapping

Figure 16.1 TUFLOW HPC Minimum Timestep (dt) Map Output

Figure 16.2 TUFLOW HPC.TLF Repeating Timesteps

Figure 16.3 Timestep and Control Numbers plotted from the .hpc.dt.csv

Figure 16.4 TUFLOW Warning 2551 Messages in QGIS

Figure 16.5 TUFLOW RAM Error

Figure 16.6 Influence of 2D Domain Size on RAM Allocation

Figure 17.1 ArcGIS Pro TUFLOW Toolbar

List of Tables

Table 1.1 TUFLOW Modelling Environment

Table 2.1 Supporting Software Options

Table 2.2 Recommended Sub-Folder Structure

Table 2.3 List of Most Commonly Used File Types - Control Files

Table 2.4 List of Most Commonly Used File Types - Input, Output and Check File Types

Table 2.5 GIS Input Data Layers and Recommended Prefixes - 2D Domain

Table 2.6 GIS Input Data Layers and Recommended Prefixes - 1D Domain

Table 2.7 TUFLOW Tips and Tricks

Table 3.1 Recommended 2D Cell Size

Table 3.2 HPC 2D Adaptive Timestep Controlling Numbers

Table 4.1 List of Available Control Files

Table 4.2 Reserved Characters – Text Files

Table 4.3 Notation Used in Command Documentation – Text Files

Table 4.4 Model Units - Inputs

Table 4.5 List of Available Databases

Table 4.6 TUFLOW Interpretation of Supported GIS Objects

Table 4.7 TUFLOW Interpretation of Unsupported GIS Objects

Table 5.1 1D Channel (Line) Types

Table 5.2 1D Channel (Line) Types - Additional/Optional Channel Flags

Table 5.3 Open Channels: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.4 1D Cross-Section Table Link (1d_xs) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.5 Culverts and Pipes: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.6 1D Culvert Flow Regime Flags

Table 5.7 Computed Values of Modified Energy Loss Coefficient

Table 5.8 Commands for the Blockage Matrix Method

Table 5.9 Blockage: 1D Model Network (1d_nwkb) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.10 Example Blockage Matrix File

Table 5.11 Bridges: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.12 1D Bridge Geometry Table Link (1d_bg) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.13 Arch Bridges 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.14 Arch Bridge Properties .csv

Table 5.15 Weir Types

Table 5.16 Default Attribute Values for the Weir Equation for Different Weir Flows

Table 5.17 Weirs: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.18 1D Model Network (1d_nwke) OPTIONAL Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.19 Special Channels: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.20 Variable Value Types

Table 5.21 Keywords Returned by “Status” Variable

Table 5.22 Values Returned by ‘Operational Variables’.

Table 5.23 Piping & Dam Failure Channels: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.24 .toc Commands to Set Weir Flow Equation Parameters in DF Channel

Table 5.25 Pits: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.26 Pits: 1D Model Network (1d_pit) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.27 Pit Inlet Database Format

Table 5.28 Q Pit Flow Regime Flags

Table 5.29 1D Manhole (1d_mh) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.30 1d_nwk Point Object Types

Table 5.31 Nodes: 1D Model Network (1d_nwk) Attribute Descriptions

Table 5.32 1D Model Network (1d_nd) Attribute Descriptions for Nodes

Table 5.33 1D Nodal Area Table Link (1d_na) Attribute Descriptions

Table 6.1 SWMM Option Table Keywords and Descriptions

Table 7.1 Location (2d_loc) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.2 Cell Codes

Table 7.3 2D Code (2d_code) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.4 2D Zpt Commands

Table 7.5 2D Z Shape (2d_zsh) Point Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.6 2D Z Shape (2d_zsh) Line Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.7 2D Z Shape (2d_zsh) Polygon Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.8 2D Variable Z-Shape (2d_vzsh) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.9 2D Tin (2d_ztin) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.10 2D Z (2d_z_) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.11 2D Materials (2d_mat) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.12 Materials .csv File Format

Table 7.13 Materials .tmf File Format

Table 7.14 USDA Soil types for the Green-Ampt Infiltration Method

Table 7.15 Soil File (.tsoilf) Parameters

Table 7.16 2D Soil (2d_soil) GIS Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.17 Hydraulic Structure Modelling Approaches

Table 7.18 2D Bridge Shape (2d_bg) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.19 2D Bridge Shape Points (2d_bg_pts) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.20 Layered Flow Constriction Shape (2d_lfcsh) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.21 Layered Flow Constriction Shape Point (2d_lfcsh…_pts) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.22 Storage Reduction Factor (2d_srf) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.23 Cell Width Factor (2d_cwf) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.24 Form Loss Coefficient (2d_flc) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.25 2D Quadtree (2d_qnl) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.26 SGS Topography Update Approaches

Table 7.27 Weir Adjustment Factor (2d_wrf) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.28 HPC .tsoilf Parameters

Table 7.29 Flow Constriction Shape (2d_fcsh) Attribute Descriptions

Table 7.30 Flow Constriction (2d_fc) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.1 Recommended BC Arrangements

Table 8.2 HPC Boundary Approach Descriptions

Table 8.3 1D Boundary Condition and Link Types

Table 8.4 1D Boundary Conditions (1d_bc) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.5 2D Boundary Condition and Link Types

Table 8.6 2D Boundary Conditions (2d_bc) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.7 2D Source over Area (2d_sa) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.8 Streamlines (2d_strm) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.9 2D Source over Area Rainfall (2d_sa_rf) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.10 2D Source over Area Trigger (2d_sa_tr) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.11 2D Source over Area Flow Feature (2d_sa_po) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.12 2D Direct Rainfall over Area (2d_rf) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.13 BC Database Keyword Descriptions

Table 8.14 GIS Attribute Details for Cyclone (2d_cyc) layer

Table 8.15 2D External Wind Stress (2d_ws) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.16 1D Initial Water Level (1d_iwl) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.17 2D Initial Water Level (2d_iwl) Attribute Descriptions

Table 8.18 2D Groundwater (2d_gw) GIS Attribute Descriptions

Table 9.1 GIS Input Data Layers and Recommended Prefixes

Table 9.2 Global Database Keyword Descriptions

Table 9.3 AD BC Database Keyword Descriptions

Table 9.4 2D Initial Conditions (2d_ad_ic) Attribute Descriptions

Table 9.5 2D Minimum Dispersion Coefficient (2d_ad_md) Attribute Descriptions

Table 9.6 _ADcfl.csv File Columns

Table 9.7 _ADmass.csv File Columns

Table 10.1 SWMM Inlet Usage (swmm_iu) Attribute Descriptions

Table 11.1 Map Output Format Options - Mesh Based Output Formats

Table 11.2 Map Output Format Options - Options for XMDF Format

Table 11.3 Map Output Format Options - Grid Based Output Formats

Table 11.4 Map Output Types (Excluding Hazard (Z) Types)

Table 11.5 Map Output Hazard (Z) Types

Table 11.6 1D Water Level Line (1d_wll) Attribute Descriptions

Table 11.7 1D Water Level Line Point (1d_wllp) Attribute Descriptions

Table 11.8 2D Gauge Level Output (2d_glo) Attribute Descriptions

Table 11.9 Time-Series (PO) Data Types - Point, Line or Region

Table 11.10 2D Plot Output (2d_po) Attribute Descriptions

Table 11.11 2D Longitudinal Profiles (2d_lp) Attribute Descriptions

Table 11.12 0d_rl Reporting Location Attributes

Table 11.13 2d_GDO_ Gauge Data Output Attributes

Table 11.14 2D Z-Shape Route (2d_zshr) Attribute Descriptions

Table 11.15 RCP Output (2d_zshr) Attribute Description

Table 11.16 Commands used to Control TUFLOW Outputs

Table 13.1 TUFLOW Versions (iSP, iDP, w64)

Table 13.2 TUFLOW.exe Options (Switches)

Table 13.3 TCF commands (apart from Timestep) specific to the TUFLOW HPC solver

Table 13.4 2D Auto Terminate (2d_at) Attribute Descriptions

Table 14.1 TUFLOW Summary File Example

Table 14.2 Channel and Node Flow Regime Flags (.eof File)

Table 14.3 Types of Check Files

Table 14.4 MB.csv File Columns

Table 14.5 MB1D.csv File Columns

Table 14.6 MB2D.csv File Columns

Table 14.7 TSMB GIS Layer Attributes

Table 14.8 TSMB1d2d GIS Layer Attributes

Table 14.9 MB_HPC.csv File Columns

Table 15.1 Plot Folder File Descriptions

Table 15.2 _TS GIS Layer Descriptions

Table 16.1 Simulation Summary Healthy Model Indicators

Table 16.2 Quality Control Check List

Table 17.1 QGIS TUFLOW Plugin - Tools

Table 18.1 Default Changes in the 2025.0 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2023-03

Table 18.2 Default Changes in the 2023-03 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2020-10

Table 18.3 Default Changes in the 2020-10 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2020-01

Table 18.4 Default Changes in the 2020-01 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2018-03

Table 18.5 Default Changes in the 2018-03 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2017-09

Table 18.6 Default Changes in the 2017-09 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2016-03

Table 18.7 Default Changes in the 2016-03 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2013-12

Table 18.8 Default Changes in the 2013-12 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2012-05

Table 18.9 Default Changes in the 2012-05 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2011-09

Table 18.10 Default Changes in the 2011-09 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2010-10

Table 18.11 Default Changes in the 2010-10 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2009-07

Table 18.12 Default Changes in the 2008-08 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2007-07

Table 18.13 Default Changes in the 2007-07 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2006-06

Table 18.14 Default Changes in the 2006-06 Release and Backward Compatibility to 2005-05

Table A.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TCF Commands

Table B.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC ECF Commands

Table C.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TGC Commands

Table D.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TBC Commands

Table E.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TOC Commands

Table F.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TRFC Commands

Table G.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TESF Commands

Table H.1 TUFLOW HPC QCF Commands

Table I.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TSCF Commands

Table J.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC ADCF Commands

Table K.1 TUFLOW Classic/HPC TEF Commands

Table L.1 SWMM Input layers

Table L.2 Inflows

Table L.3 Curves

Table L.4 Timeseries

Table L.5 Aquifers

Table L.6 Groundwater

Table L.7 GWF

Table L.8 Adjustments

Table L.9 Evaporation

Table L.10 Hydrographs

Table L.11 Patterns

Table L.12 Raingages

Table L.13 RDII

Table L.14 Snowpacks

Table L.15 Temperature

Table L.16 Inlet Usage

Table L.17 Inlets

Table L.18 LID Controls

Table L.19 LID Usage

Table L.20 Conduits

Table L.21 Controls

Table L.22 Orifices

Table L.23 Outlets

Table L.24 Pumps

Table L.25 Streets

Table L.26 Transects

Table L.27 Transects Coordinates

Table L.28 Weirs

Table L.29 Dividers

Table L.30 DWF

Table L.31 Junctions

Table L.32 Outfalls

Table L.33 Storage

Table L.34 Files

Table L.35 Options

Table L.36 Report

Table L.37 Title

Table L.38 Subcatchments

Table L.39 Buildup

Table L.40 Coverages

Table L.41 Landuses

Table L.42 Loadings

Table L.43 Pollutants

Table L.44 Treatment

Table L.45 Washoff