Section 8 Boundaries and Initial Conditions

Boundary conditions are a crucial part of hydrodynamic modelling, providing the inputs where fluids can enter or leave the hydrodynamic model area. This chapter of the manual discusses the available boundary conditions and the boundary condition database, where constant and time-series of boundary elements are specified. 1D and 2D boundaries are discussed together in this chapter as both access the same boundary database (see Section 8.5), although separate databases can be set up if desired.

The options for applying initial conditions to the 1D and 2D domains of the model are also discussed.

8 Boundaries and Initial Conditions

  8.1 Recommended BC Arrangements

  8.2 Solver Specific Considerations

    8.2.1 Classic Specific Boundaries / Options

    8.2.2 HPC Specific Boundaries / Options

      8.2.2.1 HPC Energy Options for 2D HT, HQ and QT Boundaries

      8.2.2.2 HPC HQ Boundary Approach

      8.2.2.3 HPC HQ Boundary Stability

      8.2.2.4 HPC Infiltration Approach

      8.2.2.5 HPC Momentum Source at SX Boundary

      8.2.2.6 Quadtree BC Parallel Inertia Approach

  8.3 1D Boundaries (1d_bc Layers)

  8.4 2D Boundaries (2d_bc, 2d_sa and 2d_rf Layers)

    8.4.1 Boundary Conditions (2d_bc)

      8.4.1.1 Sloping Water Level Boundaries

      8.4.1.2 Groundwater Boundaries

    8.4.2 Source Area Boundaries

      8.4.2.1 Source Area Options (2d_sa)

        8.4.2.1.1 Streamlines

      8.4.2.2 Rainfall Option (2d_sa_rf)

      8.4.2.3 Trigger Option (2d_sa_tr)

      8.4.2.4 Flow Feature (2d_sa_po)

      8.4.2.5 Overlapping 2d_sa/2d_rf regions

    8.4.3 Rainfall Boundaries

      8.4.3.1 Rainfall Boundary Configuration

        8.4.3.1.1 Rainfall Data

        8.4.3.1.2 Global Rainfall

        8.4.3.1.3 Rainfall Polygons

        8.4.3.1.4 Rainfall Control File (.trfc)

        8.4.3.1.5 Gridded Rainfall

        8.4.3.1.6 Rainfall Losses and Infiltration

        8.4.3.1.7 Rainfall Adjustments

      8.4.3.2 Checks and Results

        8.4.3.2.1 Check Files

        8.4.3.2.2 Map Outputs

      8.4.3.3 Wetting and Drying

      8.4.3.4 Bed Roughness for Direct Rainfall Model

      8.4.3.5 Model Precision and Memory Requirements

      8.4.3.6 Sub-Grid Sampling (SGS) with Direct Rainfall

      8.4.3.7 Groundwater

      8.4.3.8 Negative Rainfall

  8.5 Boundary Condition (BC) Database

    8.5.1 BC Database Example

    8.5.2 TUFLOW Boundary Generators

    8.5.3 Delft FEWS Boundaries

    8.5.4 HEC-DSS Boundaries

  8.6 Cyclones / Hurricanes / Typhoons

  8.7 External Stress Boundaries

  8.8 Initial Conditions

    8.8.1 Initial Water Levels (IWL)

      8.8.1.1 1D Domains

      8.8.1.2 2D Domains

      8.8.1.3 Automatic Initial Water Level

    8.8.2 Initial Groundwater Levels

    8.8.3 Restart Files